Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 – Popular information
History, knowledge and growth in economic sciences
-
Economic sciences prize 2023
Key drivers of gender differences
Claudia Goldin explained gender gaps in the labour market. -
Economic sciences prize 2018
Knowledge as a driver of long-term economic growth
Paul Romer: the integration of knowledge into economics. -
Economic sciences prize 1993
Renewed research in economic history
Douglass North: the role of institutions in economic growth. -
Economic sciences prize 1987
Factors on sustained economic growth
Read Robert Solow’s lecture Growth Theory and After.
More theories that altered economic sciences
-
Economic sciences prize 2017
Economic decision-making
-
Economic sciences prize 1994
Game theory
Fighting repression
Struggle for fundamental human rights
-
Nobel Peace Prize 1983
Freedom to organise behind the Iron Curtain
Lech Wałęsa struggled for free trade unions in Poland. -
Nobel Peace Prize 2011
Freedom of expression and democracy in Yemen
Tawakkol Karman fought for women’s rights in Yemen. -
Nobel Peace Prize 1980
Non-violent activism in Argentina
Adolfo Pérez Esquivel lit a candle of hope. -
Nobel Peace Prize 2022
A symbol of political imprisonment in Belarus
Ales Bialiatski dedicated his life to fighting for democracy.
-
Nobel Peace Prize 1960
“for his non-violent struggle against apartheid”
Albert Lutuli became the spokesman of a campaign of civil disobedience directed against South Africa’s policy of racial segregation. -
Nobel Peace Prize 2023
Fight against oppression of women in Iran
From captivity, Narges Mohammadi stood at the forefront of major protests against the Iranian regime.
More peace laureates that changed the world
-
Nobel Peace Prize 2011
Mobilised women for peace
-
Nobel Peace Prize 1964
Advanced racial equality
-
Nobel Peace Prize 1993
Ending apartheid
More reading
-
Nobel Prize in Literature 2002
Imre Kertész
“for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history” -
Nobel Prize in Literature 2009
Herta Müller
“who, with the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose, depicts the landscape of the dispossessed” -
Nobel Prize in Literature 2004
Elfride Jelinek
“for her musical flow of voices and counter-voices in novels and plays that with extraordinary linguistic zeal reveal the absurdity of society’s clichés and their subjugating power” -
Nobel Prize in Literature 1969
Samuel Beckett
“for his writing, which – in new forms for the novel and drama – in the destitution of modern man acquires its elevation”
3 literature prizes that impacted the world
-
Nobel Prize in Literature 1993
Challenged racial and historical narratives
-
Nobel Prize in Literature 2015
Gave voice to people in times of trauma
-
Nobel Prize in Literature 1913
Bridged the east and west
Making molecules
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 – Presentation speech
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1913 – Presentation speech
More discoveries in chemistry
-
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1964
Mapping molecules
-
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1961
Carbon dioxide assimilation
-
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018
Enzyme revolution
Delve deeper – Nobel Prize lectures in physics
Superfluid 3-He: The early days as seen by a theorist
-
Nobel Prize lecture in physics 1973
The discovery of tunnelling supercurrents
-
Nobel Prize lecture in physics 1972
Microscopic quantum interference effects in the theory of superconductivity
-
Nobel Prize lecture in physics 1933
The fundamental idea of wave mechanics
-
Nobel Prize lecture in physics 1996
The extraordinary phases of liquid 3-He
More advances that changed physics
-
Nobel Prize in Physics 1901
X-rays
-
Nobel Prize in Physics 2009
Camera technology
-
Nobel Prize in Physics 2014
Energy efficient lamps
Nobel Prizes and the immune system
Unleashing the power of the immune system to fight cancer
-
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1996
Double-checking cells
“for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence.” -
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980
Seeking signs of compatibility
Read more about the complex system uncovered by the 1980 medicine laureates. -
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960
Raising self-awareness
What prevents the immune system from attacking any cells and tissues that belong to its host? -
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908
Multiple lines of defence
They revealed how our internal defence system is armed with more than one protection tactic.
-
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011
The gatekeepers of the immune system
The immune system has an incredible ability to detect enemies of all kinds swiftly and to launch a suitable counterattack. But how does it all work? -
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901
Passive aggressive treatment
Emil von Behring’s method of treatment, passive serum therapy, became an essential remedy for diphtheria, saving many thousands of lives every year.
More Nobel Prize-awarded work in medicine
-
Over the years, Nobel Prize-awarded advances in medicine show that remarkable progress is possible.
-
Read about how scientists found ways to use the immune system to treat cancer.
-
The story behind insulin, that helps some of the over 400 million people around the world with diabetes.
Women who changed science
Explore the contributions, careers and lives of 19 women who have been awarded Nobel Prizes for their scientific achievements.
Photo: Johns Hopkins Medicine
Antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, 3d illustration.
Credit: Christoph Burgstedt/Science Photo Library/Getty Images
Listen to the podcast series Nobel Prize Conversations
The 2024 chemistry laureate believes that progress in science is made by working together and sharing ideas. Listen to him talk about how he sees mentoring as one of the most essential parts of his job.
Hear the 2024 physics laureate talk about the development of AI, his fascination with understanding the human brain and how his family legacy of successful scientists put pressure on Hinton to follow in their footsteps.
“Asking is hard. Once you realise there’s an interesting question to develop answers to, it is even harder.” Listen to the 2024 economic sciences laureate.
For curious learners
Close up of A positive blood in bag.
Credit: ER Productions Limited/Getty Images
Aage Bohr and Niels Bohr on the occasion of the defence of Aage's doctoral thesis, 1954.
Photo: Niels Bohr Archive, Copenhagen.